Kidney Infections
Kidney infections, also known as pyelonephritis, are usually caused by bacteria that travel up the urinary tract to the kidneys. They can result from untreated urinary tract infections (UTIs) or as a complication of other conditions like kidney stones. Symptoms include fever, pain in the back or sides, painful urination, and nausea. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, and in severe cases, hospitalization may be required. Early treatment is important to prevent kidney damage and other complications. It occurs when bacteria or viruses from the lower urinary tract (such as the bladder) spread to the kidneys. If left untreated, kidney infections can cause permanent kidney damage or lead to life-threatening complications like sepsis.
Causes of Kidney Infections
- Bacterial Infections (E. coli): The most common cause of kidney infections, typically originating from the bladder or urethra.
- Urinary Tract Blockages: Conditions such as kidney stones, enlarged prostate, or structural abnormalities that block the flow of urine can lead to infections.
- Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR): A condition where urine flows backward from the bladder to the kidneys, increasing the risk of infection.
- Weakened Immune System: People with weakened immune systems due to diabetes, HIV/AIDS, or cancer are more prone to infections.
- Catheter Use: Long-term use of urinary catheters can introduce bacteria into the urinary tract, increasing the risk of infection.
- Recent UTIs: A history of recurrent urinary tract infections can lead to kidney infections.
Symptoms of Kidney Infections
- Fever and Chills.
- Pain in the Lower Back or Sides.
- Blood in the Urine (Hematuria): Visible traces of blood in the urine, indicating infection or kidney damage.
- Nausea and Vomiting: As the infection spreads, it can cause gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea.
- Loss of Appetite: Reduced appetite is a common symptom of kidney infections.
- Fatigue and Weakness: Feeling tired and weak due to the body fighting the infection.
- Frequent and Painful Urination: A strong urge to urinate often, with discomfort or burning sensation.
